1/18/2023 0 Comments Digit span score interpretation![]() ![]() In ordinary bilingual language use, dual-language contexts are composed of a sequential alternation between the two (or more) languages with no or very little overlap between the languages. This interactional context can be either a single-language, a default dual-language or a dense dual-language (code-switching) context. The presence of an interpreter advantage in WM can be explained in light of the adaptive control hypothesis (Green & Abutalebi, Reference Green and Abutalebi2013), which predicts adaptation of control processes according to the interactional context in which a bilingual is immersed. Two recent meta-analyses on memory research with interpreters confirmed that this advantage affects both WM and STM spans and that the size of this advantage is moderated by the level of experience in interpreting (Mellinger & Hanson, Reference Mellinger and Hanson2019 Wen & Dong, Reference Wen and Dong2019). The realisation that the naturalistic task of language interpretation relies on WM can be related to the WM advantage in interpreters which refers to the finding that groups of interpreters outperform non-interpreters on WM tasks (De Groot & Christoffels, Reference De Groot and Christoffels2006 Signorelli, Haarmann & Obler, Reference Signorelli, Haarmann and Obler2012 Babcock & Vallesi, Reference Babcock and Vallesi2017). This extensive use of WM during simultaneous interpreting may raise questions such as how interpreting may influence WM in simultaneous interpreters, whether simultaneous interpreting practice could enhance WM, or if having a good WM is a prerequisite to be a good simultaneous interpreter? These two memory components are used to a large extent in simultaneous interpreters while they listen to one language and interpret it into another language almost simultaneously. Considering the differences between memory components, researchers have used different span tasks to measure these skills such as simple span tasks (e.g., digit span and word span) for passive storage of information (short-term memory, STM) and complex span tasks (e.g., reading and listening span) for controlling this information (WM). As defined by Baddeley ( Reference Baddeley1992) WM is a brain system that is composed not only of the temporary storage of information but also a control system necessary to do complex cognitive tasks (e.g., Conway, Kane & Al, Reference Conway, Kane and Al2005 Jarrold & Towse, Reference Jarrold and Towse2006). Working memory (WM) plays an important role in simultaneous interpreting performance (Daro & Fabbro, Reference Daro and Fabbro1994) and has become the subject of different studies. Simultaneous interpreting is known to be a highly demanding cognitive task in which language comprehension and language production happen in approximately the same time in two different languages. Simultaneous interpreting and working memory ![]()
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